Passive DAS utilize an antenna to collect cellular signal sources from outside the building, which are then amplified and redistributed throughout the building using a network of coaxial cables and antennas. As the solution’s name implies, a “passive” DAS distributes these signals without the use of devices that require AC or DC power.

Most passive DAS utilize a bi-directional amplifier (BDA), small cell or base station transceiver (BTS) to supply the outside source signal to a distribution network of coaxial cable, power splitters, couplers, and antennas.

Passive DAS are carrier agnostic, supporting multiple carriers via one solution, ensuring users of various carriers an equal experience. They are ideal in small or medium applications (up to 100,000 square feet) with the appropriate signal source. Passive DAS are less expensive than active DAS solutions, can be installed in less time.

Active DAS are the go-to cellular enhancement solution for medium-to-large buildings (100,000+ square feet) with a high density of users tapping into the cellular network. Active DAS components require a power source to operate, and its use of fiber optic cables permits the highest-efficiency delivery of cellular signals through the building. If ubiquitous coverage and additional capacity are the top requirements, an active DAS is the choice.

Active DAS receive analog radio frequencies (RF) from the carrier signal source, and then a master unit converts the signal from analog to digital. The digital signal is distributed throughout the property by fiber optic or ethernet cable to remote radio units (RRU), where the signal is converted back into an analog RF signal for use by mobile devices.

Active DAS solutions require coordination with carriers to facilitate integration into their network signals. Pierson Wireless has considerable experience facilitating carrier integration for active DAS solutions with the three national carriers and all regional network operators.

Distributed Small Cells (or Distributed Radio Systems) are low-powered nodes that enhance the cellular signal within smaller footprints and can be scaled into a coordinated network that provides blanket coverage and increased cellular performance for small, medium, and large venue applications.

Distributed small cells deliver signals using components that integrate the radio unit and antenna into one node.  Each integrated unit uses self-optimizing network (SON) algorithms to optimize coverage, capacity, and performance, and is connected by ethernet or fiber optic cabling to a master unit leading directly to a carrier’s signal source and network.

Picocells are standalone units that connect to the carrier network via a broadband internet connection. Multiple units can be deployed within the same building, however, each unit is deployed independently. Each unit is limited to serving only one carrier. Picocells are suitable for small applications.